Network

UDP (User Datagram Protocol) is a lightweight transport layer protocol used in computer networking. It provides a connectionless and unreliable communication service where data packets are sent without establishing a connection or ensuring delivery confirmation. UDP is often used for applications that prioritize speed and efficiency over reliability, such as real-time multimedia streaming, online gaming, … Read more

SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) is a protocol used for sending email messages between servers over the internet. It is a fundamental part of the email transmission process, handling the relay of outgoing emails from email clients or other mail servers to the recipient’s mail server. SMTP ensures that emails are routed correctly across networks … Read more

TLS (Transport Layer Security) and SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) are cryptographic protocols designed to secure communication over networks, particularly the internet. The main difference between TLS and SSL lies in their versions and security features. TLS is an updated and more secure successor to SSL, designed to address vulnerabilities and weaknesses found in earlier SSL … Read more

FTP (File Transfer Protocol) is a standard network protocol used for transferring files between a client and a server on a computer network. It enables efficient file sharing and management, allowing users to upload, download, rename, delete, and manipulate files and directories on remote servers. FTP operates over TCP/IP and provides a straightforward method for … Read more

TLS (Transport Layer Security) incorporates several protocols that work together to establish secure communication channels over the internet. The primary TLS protocols include: Handshake Protocol: This protocol is used to negotiate cryptographic algorithms, authenticate the server (and sometimes the client), and establish session keys for secure communication. Record Protocol: The record protocol is responsible for … Read more

TCP/TLS refers to the combination of TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) and TLS (Transport Layer Security) protocols used together to provide secure communication over networks, particularly the internet. TCP is responsible for reliable and ordered delivery of data packets between communicating applications, ensuring that data arrives intact and in order. TLS, on the other hand, operates … Read more

A LAN (Local Area Network) network address refers to the IP address and subnet configuration used within a localized network environment, typically confined to a single building, home, office, or campus. This address is part of a reserved private IP address range that allows devices within the LAN to communicate with one another and connect … Read more

Basic load balancing refers to the process of distributing incoming network traffic across multiple servers or resources within a computer network to ensure optimal utilization and performance. It is a fundamental technique used in networking and server management to enhance reliability, maximize throughput, and minimize response time for users accessing applications or services. The difference … Read more

Cloud computing refers to the delivery of computing services—including servers, storage, databases, networking, software, and more—over the internet (“the cloud”). Instead of owning their own computing infrastructure or data centers, individuals or organizations can rent access to everything they need from a cloud service provider. In simple terms, cloud computing means storing and accessing data … Read more

The term “gateway” in networking refers to a device or software that serves as an entry point between two networks using different protocols. It facilitates communication and data transfer between networks by converting protocols, addressing schemes, or data formats to ensure compatibility. A gateway may perform tasks such as routing, protocol translation, and firewall functions … Read more