Inter-Symbol Interference in LTE Definition: ISI is a phenomenon in LTE where symbols transmitted over a communication channel overlap, causing distortion in the received signal. Causes: Multipath Propagation: Signals take multiple paths with different delays, leading to overlapping symbols. Time Dispersion: Variation in signal arrival times at the receiver contributes to ISI. Impact on LTE: … Read more
Definition and Effect of Reflection, Diffraction, Scattering and Multipath Propagation in RF Engineering Reflection Diffraction and Scattering in wireless communication When any new site has been planned then it should be such a way the effect of Reflection, Diffraction, Scattering and Multipath should be Balance. Reflection in wireless communication Reflections Occurs when a wave impinges upon … Read more
The radio waves are distributed in 3Hz ~ 3000GHz. This spectrum is divided into 12 bands, as shown in the above table. The frequencies in each specific band present unique propagation features: The lower the frequency is, the lower the propagation loss will be, the farther the coverage distance will be, and the stronger the … Read more
Radio wave can be propagated from the transmitting antenna to the receiving antenna in many ways: perpendicular incidence wave or ground refraction wave, diffraction wave, troposphere reflection wave, ionosphere reflection wave, as shown in the diagram. As for radio wave, the most simple propagation mode between the transmitter and the receiver is free space propagation. … Read more
When the radio wave propagates in the air, the electric field direction changes regularly. If the electric field direction of radio wave is vertical to the ground, the radio wave is vertical polarization wave If the electric field direction of radio wave is parallel with the ground, the radiowave is horizontal polarization wave Propagation of … Read more