What are the 3 types of routing protocols?

Routing protocols can generally be categorized into three types:

1. Distance Vector Routing Protocols: These protocols determine the best path to a destination network based on distance or hop count. Examples include Routing Information Protocol (RIP) and Interior Gateway Routing Protocol (IGRP).
2. Link-State Routing Protocols: These protocols build a detailed map of the network topology by exchanging information about network links. They calculate the shortest path to a destination based on this topology map. Examples include Open Shortest Path First (OSPF) and Intermediate System to Intermediate System (IS-IS).
3. Path Vector Routing Protocols: These protocols are similar to distance vector protocols but also take into account additional path information. They are used in larger networks and handle routing updates more efficiently. Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) is a notable example, used primarily in internet routing.

Routing can be broadly categorized into three types:

1. Static Routing: In static routing, network administrators manually configure the routes in the routing table. It requires minimal overhead and is suitable for small networks with predictable traffic patterns.
2. Dynamic Routing: Dynamic routing protocols automatically update routing tables based on network changes, such as link failures or new connections. This allows for more adaptive and responsive network routing. Examples include RIP, OSPF, and BGP.
3. Default Routing: Default routing is a special case where a router is configured to send all packets for destinations not explicitly listed in its routing table to a specific router, known as the default gateway or gateway of last resort.

A Layer 3 routing protocol operates at the network layer (Layer 3) of the OSI model. It manages the exchange of routing information and determines the best paths for data packets to travel across interconnected networks. Layer 3 routing protocols enable routers to make forwarding decisions based on network layer addresses, such as IP addresses.

In a routing table, you typically find three types of routes:

1. Directly Connected Routes: These routes are automatically created by routers for networks directly connected to their interfaces. They are identified as networks that share the same subnet as the router’s interface.
2. Static Routes: These routes are manually configured by network administrators and specify the paths to specific network destinations. They are useful for defining fixed routes that do not change unless explicitly modified.
3. Dynamic Routes: These routes are learned and updated automatically by dynamic routing protocols. They represent paths to remote networks learned from neighboring routers and are maintained dynamically based on network changes.