Tag: gsm

Cyclic vs. Random Hopping Sequences Both cyclic and random hopping modes are available in GSM. In the cyclic mode the frequencies are changed sequentially from the lowest frequency to the…

Effect of Interleaving In GSM the speech frame is transmitted over eight consecutive bursts. The fast fading causes bursty bit errors that degrade the efficiency of the convolutional coding. The…

In GSM System Losses is different type here i write about Losses by Duplexer, Body And Penetration Duplexer Loss A duplexer enables simultaneous transmission and reception of signals on the…

When talk about Practical RF Planning then its also needs to take care about losses and physical losses like Cable,Connector and Combiner at BTS is more important. Cable Loss Two…

Gain is most important thing in wireless communication and if its passive then it will be very useful here I write about antenna gain and diversity gain definition and its…

When we talk about GSM Rf planning then first thing into mind is Link Budget,here i write about why link Budget analysis in GSM Link budget analysis provides: Coverage design…

Frequency Planning is possible by manually or automatic.At initial stage of new RF Network automatic frequency planned and then after for optimization based on KPI manual frequency planing done. Manual…

Basically Diversity Antenna required because of Signal Rich at mobile or BTS by reflection and this change value of its level and quality either good or bed. Let’s understand in…

In mobile communications two main categories of antennas used are Omni and Directional antenna here I write about antenna characteristics and use. ANTENNA TYPES Omni directional antenna These antennas are…

Drive test is simply test of coverage for radiating BTS . from drive test you can imagine BTS coverage boundary and foot print of bad coverage and good coverage.lets understand…