What is the difference between 4G and 4G LTE? Many people use the terms 4g and 4g interchangeably, but they are not the same. Lets find out the difference…. Features of 4g 4G is the next step above and a 3g replacement, offering faster speeds for users who stream media (such as videos or mp3s), … Read more
Handovers are a crucial aspect of LTE networks, as they ensure seamless connectivity as mobile devices move within the network. Types of Handover in LTE What are the different types of handover in LTE? Intra-frequency Handover: Description: Intra-frequency handovers occur when a mobile device moves within the same frequency band and connects to a different … Read more
EPS provides the user with a PDN IP connectivity for Internet access and for the operation of services such as Voice over IP (VoIP). An EPS bearer is usually associated with a QoS. Multiple carriers may be set for a user, in order to provide different QoS flows and connectivity to different PDNs. For example, … Read more
The LTE related core network evolution is referred to as Evolved Packet Core (EPC). LTE architecture is based on the system architecture evolution (SAE) model defined by the 3G Partnership Project (3GPP). EPC consists of the following network elements: Mobility Management Entity The Mobility Management Entity (MME) is the LTE mobility management and session management … Read more
Scheduling Principle Deployment of shared channels offers the possibility for scheduling. In this way information on varying channel conditions can be exploited to increase the overall throughput. Fast scheduling in time (1 ms) and frequency domain reduces latency and improves peak rate. Adaptive Modulation and Coding leads to higher data rates and optimizes spectral efficiency … Read more
The E-UTRAN can configure the UE to report measurement information to support the control of UE mobility. The following measurement configuration elements can be signaled via the RRC Connection Reconfiguration message. E-UTRAN may configure the UE to report measurement information to support the control elements mobility. Following measurement configuration message can be supplied via the … Read more
Power boosting in LTE is mainly perform on the Reference signal. However, since the radio power is shared equally by all Resources element, the power allocation for each RE is fixed. By increasing the number of Resources element being used as Reference Signal, the RS can be “boosted’ by 2x (3dB), 3x (4.7dB) or 4x … Read more
Absence of synchronization is one of the main sources of interference between TDD based systems belonging to different carriers. The figure below provides a quick view of what will happen if there is asynchronous situation between different networks. Scenarios (a) and (c) described below clearly indicate inter-carrier interference. Implementation of time synchronization equipment such as … Read more
Here I write not all but important List of EUTRAN Capacity Limiting Factors for LTE and its definition. Impact of Interference on Capacity Interference is always a main contributor to capacity degradation in 1G to 3G cellular network and LTE is no difference. Besides external interference, there is a strong relationship also between the number … Read more
Choosing which frequency band to operate a LTE network is one of the most critical decision. Operator has to make when it comes to capacity planning. The frequency propagation and penetration characteristics will determine the number of sites that need to be built in order to cover the designated area chosen by the Operator. This … Read more