TLS (Transport Layer Security) is a cryptographic protocol designed to provide secure communication over a computer network. It ensures the privacy and data integrity between two communicating applications, such as a web browser and a server. TLS encrypts the data exchanged, preventing eavesdropping and tampering. It also includes mechanisms for authenticating the communicating parties, often … Read more
HTTP (HyperText Transfer Protocol) itself is not tied to any specific programming language. It is a protocol used for transmitting hypermedia documents, such as HTML. Programming languages like Python, JavaScript, Java, Ruby, and others can implement HTTP functionality through libraries or built-in modules that handle HTTP requests and responses. These languages provide APIs and tools … Read more
The SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) process involves establishing a secure connection between a client and a server. It begins with the SSL handshake, where the client and server exchange information to establish a secure communication channel. The client sends a “ClientHello” message, specifying the SSL version, cipher suites, and other settings. The server responds with … Read more
A DMZ (Demilitarized Zone) in networking is a physical or logical subnet that separates an internal local area network (LAN) from untrusted external networks, such as the internet. It adds an additional layer of security by isolating external-facing services, such as web servers, mail servers, and FTP servers, from the internal network. This configuration helps … Read more
The rule of NAT (Network Address Translation) is to modify network address information in IP packet headers while they are in transit across a traffic routing device. This allows multiple devices on a local network to be mapped to a single public IP address, facilitating internet access for all devices without the need for a … Read more
A NAT (Network Address Translation) works by modifying the IP address information in the headers of IP packets as they pass through a router or firewall. This process allows multiple devices on a private network to share a single public IP address for accessing external networks, such as the internet. When an internal device sends … Read more
A VPN (Virtual Private Network) is a service that creates a secure, encrypted connection over a less secure network, such as the internet. It allows users to send and receive data as if their devices were directly connected to a private network. VPNs are used to enhance privacy and security by hiding the user’s IP … Read more
TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) works in conjunction with IP (Internet Protocol) to facilitate communication between devices over a network. TCP relies on IP addresses to identify endpoints in a network. When TCP initiates a connection or sends data, it specifies the IP address of the destination device. Each device in a TCP/IP network has a … Read more
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) is a network management protocol used on IP networks to automatically assign IP addresses and other network configuration information to devices. It simplifies the process of IP address allocation by centralizing the management of IP addresses within a network. DHCP is typically used in local area networks (LANs) where a … Read more
A repeater works by amplifying or regenerating signals to extend the reach of a network or communication system. In telecommunications and networking, a repeater receives signals from one segment of a network, amplifies them, and retransmits them to another segment. This process helps to overcome signal degradation that occurs over long distances or due to … Read more