A protocol is a set of rules and conventions that govern how data is transmitted and received over a network. It defines standards for communication between devices, ensuring compatibility and reliability. Protocols specify the format and structure of data packets, the procedures for error detection and correction, and the methods for addressing and routing packets … Read more
Domain names serve as human-readable labels that correspond to numerical IP addresses used by computers to identify each other on the Internet. Here’s how domain names work: When a user enters a domain name (e.g., example.com) into a web browser, the browser sends a request to a Domain Name System (DNS) server. The DNS server … Read more
SFTP (SSH File Transfer Protocol) works by providing a secure method for transferring files between computers over a network. It uses the SSH (Secure Shell) protocol to establish a secure connection between a client and a server. Unlike FTP (File Transfer Protocol), which is not encrypted by default, SFTP encrypts both commands and data exchanged … Read more
TCP port forwarding involves redirecting TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) traffic from one port on a router or firewall to another port on a different device or server within a private network. It enables external users to access services or applications hosted on devices behind a NAT (Network Address Translation) router, where without port forwarding, these … Read more
Network policies govern the rules and regulations that define how devices and users access and utilize a computer network. These policies typically encompass guidelines for network security, resource allocation, user access permissions, traffic management, and acceptable use. They are established to ensure efficient network operation, protect against unauthorized access or malicious activities, and maintain compliance … Read more
A routing table is a data structure used by routers to determine where to forward packets of data as they travel through a network. It contains information about various network destinations, including the associated network addresses (IP addresses) and the next hop or outgoing interface through which packets should be forwarded to reach each destination. … Read more
The main cause of latency in networks is typically attributed to the time it takes for data packets to travel from their source to their destination and back again, known as round-trip time. This delay can be influenced by various factors, including the physical distance between devices, the quality and capacity of network infrastructure, and … Read more
SD-WAN (Software-Defined Wide Area Network) enhances connectivity by integrating multiple connection types, such as MPLS, broadband, and LTE, into a unified network architecture. When combined with cloud services, SD-WAN optimizes traffic routing based on application needs. This flexibility enables direct access to cloud applications without having to backhaul traffic through traditional data centers. By dynamically … Read more
IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol) is a protocol used by email clients to retrieve emails from a mail server. When an email client connects to an IMAP server, it maintains a synchronized view of the server’s mailbox. This allows users to manage their email messages from multiple devices while ensuring that changes (such as read/unread … Read more
Internet Message Access Protocol (IMAP) works by allowing email clients to access and manage emails stored on a remote mail server. When a user connects their email client to an IMAP server, the client synchronizes with the server’s mailbox, downloading headers and message bodies as needed. IMAP supports features like folder management, message flags (read/unread), … Read more