Network

An Intrusion Detection System (IDS) works by monitoring network traffic or system activities for malicious actions or policy violations. When such activities are detected, the IDS generates alerts to notify administrators of potential security breaches. The IDS analyzes incoming packets, logs, and other data for signs of suspicious behavior using predefined rules, heuristics, or anomaly … Read more

Netstat shows you a snapshot of current network connections and statistics on your system. It displays information such as active TCP connections, UDP ports in use, listening ports, routing tables, and network interface statistics. This data helps you understand which services are actively communicating over the network, which ports are open and listening for incoming … Read more

A Secure Shell (SSH) key, also known as an SSH key pair, consists of two cryptographic keys: a public key and a private key. These keys are used in SSH protocol for securely authenticating and establishing encrypted communication between a client (such as a computer or server) and a server (typically another computer or network … Read more

Network Access Devices refer to hardware components or devices that enable users or devices to connect to a network. These devices include network interface cards (NICs), routers, switches, access points, and modems, among others. Each type of network access device serves a specific function in enabling connectivity and facilitating data transmission within a network infrastructure. … Read more

An access point (AP) is a networking device that allows wireless devices to connect to a wired network using Wi-Fi. It serves as a central hub for wireless communication, enabling devices like laptops, smartphones, and tablets to access network resources and the internet without the need for physical wired connections. The process of an access … Read more

A Zero Trust network operates on the principle of not automatically trusting any user or device, whether inside or outside the network perimeter. Instead of assuming trust based on location (like being inside the corporate network), Zero Trust continuously verifies and authenticates identities and devices before granting access to resources. It achieves this by implementing … Read more

Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) works by enabling routers in different autonomous systems (ASes) to exchange routing and reachability information. It operates based on a path vector algorithm, where BGP routers advertise the network paths they can reach along with attributes such as AS path, next hop information, and route preferences. BGP routers maintain a table … Read more

TLS (Transport Layer Security) is a cryptographic protocol designed to provide secure communication over a computer network. It succeeds and is based on the earlier SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) protocol, aiming to enhance security, improve efficiency, and address vulnerabilities found in SSL. TLS operates at the transport layer of the OSI model, securing communication channels … Read more

VPN, or Virtual Private Network, is used to create a secure and encrypted connection over a less secure network, such as the internet. It enables users to securely access and transmit data between their devices and a private network, even when connecting through public or untrusted networks. VPNs are commonly used by individuals and organizations … Read more

STP (Spanning Tree Protocol) in Cisco networks is a protocol designed to prevent loops in Ethernet networks by creating a loop-free logical topology. It works by selecting a root bridge (switch) among all switches in the network, based on the lowest bridge ID (combination of bridge priority and MAC address). Once the root bridge is … Read more