Network

A cloud service provider (CSP) operates by offering various cloud computing services over the internet to individuals, organizations, and businesses. CSPs typically maintain large data centers with extensive computing resources, including servers, storage, networking equipment, and virtualization technology. They provide scalable and on-demand access to these resources through different service models such as Infrastructure as … Read more

OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) has three main states: Down, Init, and Full. These states represent different stages in the OSPF neighbor relationship process. The Down state indicates that OSPF is not operational or the interface is down. In the Init state, OSPF routers exchange hello packets to discover potential neighbors. Once bidirectional communication is … Read more

A hybrid cloud integrates private and public cloud environments to allow data and applications to be shared between them. Organizations typically use a hybrid cloud to combine the scalability and flexibility of public cloud services with the security and control of private cloud infrastructure. This setup enables businesses to leverage both cloud types based on … Read more

Wireless Markup Language (WML) is a markup language used to create content for wireless devices, primarily for displaying web pages on mobile phones and other wireless devices with limited processing capabilities and small screens. It was designed to be lightweight and efficient, accommodating the constraints of mobile environments, such as low memory, limited bandwidth, and … Read more

ARP (Address Resolution Protocol) and DNS (Domain Name System) are fundamental protocols used in computer networking, each serving distinct purposes. ARP operates at the data link layer (Layer 2) of the OSI model and is used to resolve IP addresses to MAC addresses on a local network. It enables devices within the same network segment … Read more

A reverse proxy is a server that sits between clients and backend servers, intercepting requests from clients and forwarding them to the appropriate backend servers. It operates on behalf of the backend servers, providing several benefits such as load balancing, caching, SSL termination, and enhanced security. When a client makes a request, it reaches the … Read more

Cloud vs. cloud-native refers to two different approaches in utilizing cloud computing technology. “Cloud” generally refers to the use of remote servers accessed over the internet to store, manage, and process data, applications, and services. It encompasses various cloud services such as Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), and Software as … Read more

A domain model in Domain-Driven Design (DDD) represents the conceptual foundation of a software system, capturing essential aspects of the problem domain it addresses. It consists of domain entities, value objects, aggregates, and their relationships, encapsulating business logic and rules. The domain model serves as a common understanding between domain experts and developers, ensuring that … Read more

Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) work by leveraging convolutional layers to automatically learn hierarchical representations of input data, such as images. Each convolutional layer consists of filters (also called kernels) that slide over the input data, performing convolution operations to extract features. These features capture spatial patterns like edges, textures, and shapes. The network learns to … Read more

Domain-Driven Design (DDD) encompasses several core concepts aimed at improving the development and design of complex software systems. Key concepts include: Domain-Driven Design (DDD) Concepts: DDD emphasizes a deep understanding of the problem domain as the foundation for software development. It promotes collaboration between domain experts and software developers to capture and model complex business … Read more