Network

A peer-to-peer (P2P) network is a decentralized communication model where participants, called peers, share resources directly with each other without the need for a centralized server. In a P2P network, each peer acts both as a client and a server, capable of initiating connections to other peers to share files, services, or other resources. This … Read more

The four types of cloud storage are: Public Cloud Storage: Managed by cloud service providers and accessible over the internet to the general public or multiple organizations. Examples include Amazon S3, Google Cloud Storage. Private Cloud Storage: Operated solely for a single organization, either managed internally or by a third-party vendor. It offers more control … Read more

SSL, or Secure Sockets Layer, is a cryptographic protocol designed to provide secure communication over a computer network. It establishes an encrypted link between a web server and a web browser, ensuring that all data transmitted between them remains private and integral. SSL operates by using asymmetric encryption techniques to securely exchange symmetric session keys, … Read more

SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) is used primarily for securing communication over computer networks, particularly the internet. Its main purposes include: SSL is primarily used to establish a secure and encrypted connection between a client and a server over the internet or any other network. It ensures that data transmitted between the client (such as a … Read more

IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol) allows clients to access and manage their email on a mail server. Unlike POP3, which downloads messages to a local device, IMAP keeps emails on the server, enabling users to view and manage their emails from multiple devices. IMAP supports complex querying and organizing of messages, making it suitable for … Read more

Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) works by facilitating the transfer of email messages between servers. When an email is sent, the SMTP client on the sender’s side establishes a connection to the SMTP server, typically using TCP. The client and server then communicate through a series of commands and responses to transfer the email. The … Read more

The transfer method of SFTP (Secure File Transfer Protocol) involves securely transferring files between a client and server over an encrypted connection. SFTP operates over the SSH (Secure Shell) protocol, ensuring that all data, including file contents, commands, and authentication, is encrypted during transmission. The data transfer method of SFTP relies on establishing an SSH … Read more

Intrusion detectors work by monitoring network traffic or system activities for signs of malicious activity or policy violations. These systems analyze data from various sources, such as network packets, system logs, and user behavior, to detect patterns that may indicate an intrusion. When suspicious activity is identified, the system generates alerts to notify administrators, enabling … Read more

A firewall operates as a network security system designed to monitor and control incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined security rules. It acts as a barrier between a trusted internal network and untrusted external networks, such as the internet. Firewalls examine each packet of data passing through them and make decisions to allow, … Read more

There are several methods of load balancing that distribute incoming network traffic across multiple servers or resources to optimize performance and ensure high availability: Round Robin: In this method, requests are sequentially distributed across a group of servers in a circular order. Each server is assigned a turn to handle incoming requests, ensuring an even … Read more