GSM technology, GSM RF optimization, GSM Planning and How GSM Works.
Repeater units are designed to receive signals from a donor site, amplify and rebroadcast the donor sites signals into poor coverage areas or to extend the coverage range of the donor site. Repeater : These repeaters are bi-directional and do not translate frequency and subsequently are limited in output power and gain. Repeaters provide between … Read more
Frequency Planning is possible by manually or automatic.At initial stage of new RF Network automatic frequency planned and then after for optimization based on KPI manual frequency planing done. Manual Frequency Planing Steps The steps to be followed in manual frequency planning are: Calculating the frequency reuse distance theoretically. Determining the cell repeat pattern Planning … Read more
What are Interference and its source, effect and types in GSM Interference is the sum of all signal contributions that are neither noise not the wanted signal. Lets understand how its effect, its type and what possible source for it. Effects of Interference Interference is a major limiting factor in the performance of cellular systems. … Read more
How and What Spatial Diversity Antenna Systems in GSM The spatial diversity antenna system is constructed by physically separating two receiving base station antennas. Here I write on spatial diversity antenna system criteria, configuration. SPATIAL DIVERSITY ANTENNA SYSTEMS Once they are separated far enough, both antennas receive independent fading signals. As a result, the signals … Read more
Basically Diversity Antenna required because of Signal Rich at mobile or BTS by reflection and this change value of its level and quality either good or bed. Let’s understand in detail. NEED OF DIVERSITY In a typical cellular radio environment, the communication between the cell site and mobile is not by a direct radio path … Read more
When we talk about antenna then we need to understand about antenna installation and specially about antenna downtilting.lets assume that antenna installed then how you can change its position. Its two type, left-right = its called azimuth change. up-down = its called tilt change. Lets understand from start. ANTENNA INSTALLATION Antenna installation configurations depend on … Read more
In mobile communications two main categories of antennas used are Omni and Directional antenna here I write about antenna characteristics and use. ANTENNA TYPES Omni directional antenna These antennas are mostly used in rural areas. In all horizontal direction these antennas radiate with equal power. In the vertical plane these antennas radiate uniformly across all … Read more
Drive test is simply test of coverage for radiating BTS . from drive test you can imagine BTS coverage boundary and foot print of bad coverage and good coverage.lets understand dt basic. Drive Test Plan Each drive route should be marked on a detailed road map showing the exact route to be driven. These maps … Read more
Site selection is based on a number of criteria. It may not be possible to satisfy all these criteria at the same time, but it is important to select the best sites available. Drive test sites should be selected to give a good representative sample of the system coverage area. The exact number of sites … Read more
Cable test is first understanding for any RF Engineer here i write how to test cable integrity and Cable loss and testing of Transmitter in gsm. Cable Integrity Test Cable integrity is checked by measuring VSWR. A good known cable is connected from the test transmitter to the wattmeter. The cable under test is placed … Read more