Emergence of Standards-Based Technology

In 1998, the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) formed a group called 802.16 to develop a standard for what was called a wireless metropolitan area network, or wireless…

Spreading Technology in WCDMA

Spreading consists of 2 steps: Channelization operation, which transforms data symbols into chips Scrambling operation is applied to the spreading signal Spreading means increasing the bandwidth of the signal beyond…

Correlation in WCDMA

How Correlation works in WCDMA ? Correlation measures similarity between any two arbitrary signals. Identical and Orthogonal signals: Correlation is used to measure similarity of any two arbitrary signals. It…

WCDMA Interleaving

How WCDMA Interleaving ? Effect Interleaving is used to reduce the probability of consecutive bits error Longer interleaving periods have better data protection with more delay Channel coding works well…

WCDMA Channel Coding

Effect Enhance the correlation among symbols so as to recover the signal when interference occurs Provides better error correction at receiver, but brings increment of the delay Channel Types No…

Which Bands Used in WCDMA ?

There are different band in different country but most of commonly used band we will discuss here. Main bandsĀ : means basic band when 3G commercial launch by Private or public…

3G Spectrum Allocation

How 3G Spectrum Allocation? 3G Spectrum Allocation is different in different country but mainly its all having as per below figure. ITU has allocated 3G Spectrum Allocation 230 MHz frequency…