The three different types of GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) refer to the three main frequency bands used for GSM mobile communication. Each type operates in a different frequency range, and the choice of frequency bands depends on regional allocations and regulatory decisions. The three types of GSM are:
1. GSM 900:
- Frequency Range:
- GSM 900 operates in the frequency range of approximately 890 MHz to 960 MHz for both uplink (mobile-to-base station) and downlink (base station-to-mobile) communication.
- Geographical Usage:
- GSM 900 is widely used in Europe, Africa, Asia, and some parts of Oceania. It is one of the most common GSM bands globally.
2. GSM 1800 (DCS 1800):
- Frequency Range:
- GSM 1800, also known as DCS 1800 (Digital Cellular System), operates in the frequency range of approximately 1710 MHz to 1880 MHz for uplink and 1805 MHz to 1880 MHz for downlink.
- Geographical Usage:
- GSM 1800 is commonly used in Europe, Asia, and some parts of Africa. It is often referred to as the PCS (Personal Communications Service) band in some regions.
3. GSM 1900 (PCS 1900):
- Frequency Range:
- GSM 1900, also known as PCS 1900 (Personal Communications Service), operates in the frequency range of approximately 1850 MHz to 1990 MHz for uplink and 1930 MHz to 1990 MHz for downlink.
- Geographical Usage:
- GSM 1900 is primarily used in North America and some parts of South America. It is a key frequency band for mobile communication in the United States.
These three types of GSM correspond to different frequency bands, and the allocation of specific bands for GSM services is determined by regional and national spectrum regulations. It’s important to note that the term “GSM” is often used as a generic term to refer to any of these frequency bands, and the choice of band depends on the specific regulatory decisions made in each country or region. The frequency bands are essential for avoiding interference and facilitating global roaming for GSM-enabled mobile devices. The use of these bands allows for widespread interoperability of GSM devices worldwide.