Near field techniques, including NFC (Near Field Communication), offer several advantages in various applications due to their specific characteristics: Short Range: One advantage is the short communication range (typically within a few centimeters), which enhances security by minimizing the risk of eavesdropping or unauthorized access. This makes NFC suitable for secure transactions, access control, and … Read more
The Address Resolution Protocol (ARP) serves the purpose of resolving IP addresses to MAC addresses within a local network segment. When a device wants to communicate with another device on the same network, it typically knows the IP address of the destination but needs to determine the corresponding MAC address (hardware address) to send data … Read more
Near Field Communication (NFC) serves the purpose of enabling wireless communication between devices in close proximity (typically within a few centimeters). The primary goal of NFC is to facilitate convenient and secure interactions between devices, allowing them to exchange data, initiate actions, or conduct transactions by simply bringing them close together or near an NFC … Read more
ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) does not use ports in the traditional sense like TCP and UDP protocols. Instead, it operates at a lower level in the network stack, primarily for diagnostic purposes and error reporting within IP networks. ICMP messages are encapsulated within IP packets and do not have a port number field in … Read more
DHCP (Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol) is a network management protocol used to automate the assignment of IP addresses, subnet masks, gateway addresses, and other IP configuration parameters to devices on a network. Its primary importance lies in simplifying network administration and management by eliminating the need for manual IP configuration on each device. DHCP dynamically … Read more
Hierarchical Open Shortest Path First (H-OSPF) is an extension of the OSPF (Open Shortest Path First) routing protocol designed to improve scalability and manage large networks more efficiently. In traditional OSPF, all routers exchange routing information directly with each other, leading to increased overhead and potential performance issues in large networks. H-OSPF addresses this by … Read more
VLAN traffic refers to the data packets that are transmitted within a specific VLAN (Virtual Local Area Network). VLANs logically segment a physical network into multiple virtual networks, each with its own broadcast domain. Traffic within a VLAN remains confined to that VLAN unless explicitly routed to another VLAN. Devices within the same VLAN can … Read more
The role of NIC (Network Interface Card) is to enable a computer or other device to connect to a network and communicate with other devices over that network. NICs are hardware components that interface between a computer’s internal bus (such as PCI or PCIe) and the network’s physical medium (such as Ethernet cables or wireless … Read more
WAN (Wide Area Network) is used by organizations and individuals to connect geographically dispersed locations over a large geographic area. It enables communication and data exchange between sites that could be in different cities, countries, or continents. WANs are crucial for businesses with multiple offices or remote branches that need to share resources, applications, and … Read more
The aim of NIC (Network Interface Card) is to enable computers and other devices to connect to networks, facilitating communication by transmitting and receiving data packets. NICs play a crucial role in establishing network connections, implementing network protocols, and ensuring efficient data transfer between devices within the same network or across different networks. By providing … Read more