LAN (Local Area Network) and WAN (Wide Area Network) serve distinct purposes in networking. LANs are used to connect devices within a limited geographical area, such as a single building, office, or campus. They facilitate local communication and data sharing between computers, printers, servers, and other devices within the same physical location. LANs typically offer … Read more
The main role of TCP/IP (Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol) is to provide a standardized set of protocols that enable communication and data transfer between devices on networks, including the Internet. TCP/IP defines how data should be packetized, addressed, transmitted, routed, and received across networks, ensuring compatibility and interoperability across different types of network hardware and … Read more
A routing protocol is a set of rules and algorithms used by routers to determine the optimal path or route through which network traffic should be forwarded from its source to its destination across an internetwork. These protocols enable routers to dynamically exchange routing information, update routing tables, and make decisions about the best paths … Read more
A Network Address Translation (NAT) device is a networking device or software function that translates IP addresses between different network domains. It allows devices on a local area network (LAN) with private IP addresses to communicate with devices on external networks, such as the internet, using a single public IP address. The NAT device keeps … Read more
The Network Address Translation (NAT) command refers to various commands used on networking devices to configure, manage, or view NAT settings. Specific commands vary depending on the device and operating system being used. For example, on Cisco routers, commands like ip nat inside and ip nat outside are used to define which interfaces are part … Read more
Network Address Translation (NAT) operates at the Network layer (Layer 3) of the OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) model. In this context, NAT is a method used to translate IP addresses between private and public networks. It allows devices with private IP addresses within a local network to communicate with devices on the internet using a … Read more
In cyber security, intrusion refers to unauthorized access or entry into a computer system, network, or data repository by an individual or entity with malicious intent. Intrusions can compromise the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of digital assets, potentially leading to data theft, system damage, or disruption of operations. Intrusions are typically carried out through exploitation … Read more
A Virtual Private Network (VPN) is a technology that creates a secure and encrypted connection over a less secure network, typically the internet. It allows users to securely access and transmit data between their devices (such as computers, smartphones) and a private network (like a corporate network) as if they were directly connected to that … Read more
Long-term evaluation refers to the assessment and analysis of outcomes, impacts, or effectiveness of a program, project, or intervention over an extended period. It involves tracking and measuring results over months or years to understand sustained effects, identify trends, and determine the long-term viability or success of the initiative. Long-term evaluations provide insights into the … Read more
Near Field Communication (NFC) operates on the principle of electromagnetic induction, where devices equipped with NFC technology can establish communication by bringing them close together, typically within a few centimeters. The principle behind NFC involves two components: an initiator device that generates a radio frequency (RF) field and a target device that responds to this … Read more