The ping command in IP (Internet Protocol) is used to test the connectivity between two networked devices, typically between a local host and a remote host. When you ping an IP address, your computer sends ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) Echo Request packets to the specified IP address. If the remote device is reachable and … Read more
A Wireless LAN Controller (WLC) works by centralizing the management and control of wireless access points (APs) within a network. It acts as a centralized device that manages the configuration, security, and operation of multiple APs, ensuring seamless connectivity and efficient use of wireless resources. The WLC communicates with APs using protocols like Lightweight Access … Read more
A Wi-Fi controller, also known as a Wireless LAN Controller (WLC), works by centralizing the management and coordination of multiple wireless access points (APs) within a network. It serves as a central management device that oversees the configuration, monitoring, and maintenance of APs deployed across an organization’s wireless infrastructure. The Wi-Fi controller communicates with APs … Read more
In traceroute, the three numbers typically refer to the TTL (Time-to-Live) values used in successive ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) Echo Request packets sent to trace the route to a destination. TTL is a field in the IP header that specifies the maximum number of router hops (or network segments) that a packet can traverse … Read more
SD-WAN routing works by dynamically selecting the optimal path for network traffic based on application requirements and network conditions. Unlike traditional static routing, SD-WAN routers use centralized software controllers to analyze real-time network performance metrics, such as latency, packet loss, and bandwidth availability. These controllers then make intelligent routing decisions to steer traffic across different … Read more
A wireless controller operates by managing and coordinating multiple wireless access points (APs) within a network infrastructure. It functions as a centralized device that communicates with APs using protocols like Lightweight Access Point Protocol (LWAPP) or Control and Provisioning of Wireless Access Points (CAPWAP). The controller oversees AP configurations, monitors performance metrics such as signal … Read more
The tracert command, also known as traceroute in Unix-like operating systems, is a network diagnostic tool used to trace the route that packets take from the local host to a specified destination IP address or hostname. It works by sending a series of ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) Echo Request packets with increasing TTL (Time-to-Live) … Read more
The principle of SD-WAN revolves around leveraging software-defined networking (SDN) principles to enhance the operation and management of wide area networks (WANs). Unlike traditional WANs that rely on hardware-based routers and manual configuration, SD-WAN abstracts network control into centralized software controllers. These controllers manage and orchestrate network traffic, applying policies and making dynamic routing decisions … Read more
A network interface card (NIC) operates as a hardware component that enables a computer or device to connect to a network. It serves as the interface between the device’s internal bus (such as PCI or PCIe) and the network medium, whether wired (Ethernet) or wireless (Wi-Fi). The NIC facilitates communication by converting data from the … Read more
A Content Delivery Network (CDN) is a distributed network of servers strategically located across various geographic locations to deliver web content more efficiently to users. CDN works by caching static content, such as images, videos, scripts, and other files, on these servers. When a user requests content, the CDN delivers it from the nearest server … Read more