OTT messaging service, WhatsApp says now has over 430 million active users each month, which it the world’s largest mobile messaging platform dedicated to do. DLD conference in Germany, CEO WhatsApp, Jan Koum also revealed that network now processes approximately 50 billion messages per day. He said that statistics messaging is split around 36 billion … Read more
Here I Write about WMAN Standardization Which is universally design and fixed for all Operator. Let’s Check in Detail. WMAN Standardization is inherited from 802.16 standard family CPE: Customer Premises Equipment AAS: Adaptive Antenna System OFDM: Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplex QAM: Quadrature Amplitude Modulation BPSK: Binary Phase Shift Keying ETSI has defined two specifications, Hiper … Read more
Here i write about basic notes of How High Speed Data Solutions in wimax. These three diagrams compare various system parameters of WLAN (WIFI), WMAN (WiMAX) and the mobile network technologies UMTS with High speed Packed Downlink Access (HSPDA). The parameters have the following meaning: Spectral efficiency: is the exploitation of the radio frequencies Spectrum … Read more
This picture shows complementary access solutions for different mobility and nomadic, or “fixed mobile“ needs Today for all kinds of applications the appropriate access technology exists The figure shows the typical access solutions for different mobility and nomadic needs For fixed network access DSL-based systems deliver broadband data rates depending only on the type of … Read more
Typically, the data rate available at the radio interface is lower than the data rate available on the network interfaces. Thus, when a certain rate data service is higher than the data rate of the LTE radio interface, this leads to buffering in the UE and the eNodeB. This buffer allows the programmer to the … Read more
Here i write about Radio Link Control -RLC in LTE in a simple word. The RLC layer is located between the PDCP ( the “top” layer) layer and MAC layer (the “lower” layer). Communicates with the PDCP layer through a service access point ( SAP ) , and the MAC layer via logical channels. The … Read more
Here i write very small notes about How Seamless Handover in LTE which is very basic and some require techniques for real time data handover in LTE. Seamless handover is applied for user plane radio bearers mapped on RLC unacknowledged mode. These types are usually quite tolerant of losses, but less tolerant of delay (e.g. … Read more
Implement security through encryption (both control plane (RRC) data and user plane data) and integrity protection (for control plane (RRC) data only), it is the responsibility PDCP layer. A PDCP Data PDU counter (known as the “COUNT” into the specifications of LTE) is used as an input to algorithms security. value COUNT is incremented for … Read more
One of the main functions of the PDCP header compression is using Header Compression (ROHC) robust protocol defined by IETF (Internet Engineering Task Force) . In LTE, header compression is very important because there is no support for transport of voice circuit-switched (CS) domain. Thus in order to provide voice services (PS ) domain Packet … Read more
LTE Layer 2 user plane protocol stack in detail LTE user Layer 2 Protocol stack-the plan is composed of three substrates, as shown in the figure. Packet layer packet data convergence Protocol (PDCP) : this layer processes messages resource control (RRC) in the control plan and packages of Internet Protocol (IP) addresses in the user’s … Read more