HTTP, or HyperText Transfer Protocol, is a fundamental protocol used for transmitting hypermedia documents, such as HTML pages, over the internet. It operates as a request-response protocol in a client-server model. Clients, typically web browsers, initiate requests to servers to retrieve resources like web pages or data. Servers respond to these requests by providing the … Read more
CDN, or Content Delivery Network, is a distributed network of servers strategically positioned across various geographic locations. Its primary purpose is to enhance the delivery of web content, such as images, videos, scripts, and other static assets, to users worldwide. CDNs are used to improve website performance by reducing latency and load times, thereby providing … Read more
TCP (Transmission Control Protocol) starts with a process called the TCP handshake. This handshake initializes and negotiates parameters between two devices (typically a client and a server) before data transmission begins. The TCP handshake involves three steps: SYN, SYN-ACK, and ACK. First, the client sends a SYN (synchronize) packet to the server to initiate a … Read more
TLS (Transport Layer Security) is a cryptographic protocol designed to provide secure communication over a computer network. It succeeds and is based on the earlier SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) protocol, aiming to enhance security, improve efficiency, and address vulnerabilities found in SSL. TLS operates at the transport layer of the OSI model, securing communication channels … Read more
Port mirroring, also known as SPAN (Switched Port Analyzer), is a network monitoring technique that involves forwarding copies of network packets from one switch port (or multiple ports) to another port that is connected to a monitoring device. This allows the monitoring device to analyze the traffic passing through the mirrored ports without affecting normal … Read more
Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) works by enabling routers in different autonomous systems (ASes) to exchange routing and reachability information. It operates based on a path vector algorithm, where BGP routers advertise the network paths they can reach along with attributes such as AS path, next hop information, and route preferences. BGP routers maintain a table … Read more
VPN, or Virtual Private Network, is used to create a secure and encrypted connection over a less secure network, such as the internet. It enables users to securely access and transmit data between their devices and a private network, even when connecting through public or untrusted networks. VPNs are commonly used by individuals and organizations … Read more
A Zero Trust network operates on the principle of not automatically trusting any user or device, whether inside or outside the network perimeter. Instead of assuming trust based on location (like being inside the corporate network), Zero Trust continuously verifies and authenticates identities and devices before granting access to resources. It achieves this by implementing … Read more
TLS (Transport Layer Security) is a cryptographic protocol designed to provide secure communication over a computer network. It succeeds and is based on the earlier SSL (Secure Sockets Layer) protocol, aiming to enhance security, improve efficiency, and address vulnerabilities found in SSL. TLS operates at the transport layer of the OSI model, securing communication channels … Read more
A VPN, or Virtual Private Network, works by creating a secure and encrypted connection, often referred to as a tunnel, between your device (such as a computer, smartphone, or tablet) and a remote server operated by the VPN service provider. This encrypted tunnel ensures that all data transmitted between your device and the VPN server … Read more