TEM Wavelength Calculator Formula λ = 300 / (F × √εr) Formula Explanation This TEM Wavelength conversion calculator determines the wavelength (λ) of a signal in a medium with relative permittivity εr. The frequency F is in GHz, and the formula accounts for the reduction of wave speed in dielectric materials by dividing 300 (speed … Read more
Capacitive Reactance & Admittance Calculator Formula The Capacitive Reactance conversion calculator computes the opposition a capacitor presents to AC current (XC) and the corresponding capacitive susceptance (BC). XC = 1 / (2π × f × C) BC (m-mhos) = 2π × f × C × 1000 Formula Explanation In this formula, XC represents the capacitive … Read more
PPM/PPB to Hz Conversion Formula Δf = f × (stability / 10⁶) Formula Explanation This PPM/PPB to Hz conversion calculator converts frequency stability values given in parts per million (PPM) or parts per billion (PPB) into an actual frequency variation in Hertz. The oscillator frequency (f) is multiplied by the normalized stability factor (stability divided … Read more
Return Loss to VSWR Formula The Return Loss conversion calculator uses the reflection coefficient (Γ) to determine the Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR). Γ = 10^(-RL / 20) VSWR = (1 + Γ) / (1 – Γ) Formula Explanation The reflection coefficient Γ represents the portion of power reflected by a load due to impedance … Read more
Formula for dBm to Vrms conversion The conversion from dBm to Vrms uses the relationship between power and voltage across a known characteristic impedance. P(W) = 10^(dBm/10) / 1000 Vrms = √(P × R) Formula Explanation The first step converts the power from dBm to watts using the formula P(W) = 10^(dBm/10) / 1000. The … Read more
Formula for dBmV to dBm conversion dBm = dBmV – 30 – 10 × log10(Zo) Formula Explanation This dBmV to dBm conversion formula allows you to convert a voltage level expressed in dBmV to its equivalent power in dBm. Here, Zo represents the characteristic impedance of the system in ohms. By subtracting 30 and the … Read more
Vrms to dBm Formula P(W) = Vrms² / R dBm = 10 × log₁₀(P(W) × 1000) Or equivalently, dBm = 20 × log₁₀(Vrms) + 30 − 10 × log₁₀(R) Formula Explanation The Vrms to dBm conversion calculator helps determine the power level in dBm from a given RMS voltage across a known impedance. The formula … Read more
dBm to dBW Conversion Formula dBW = dBm – 30 Formula Explanation The dBm to dBW conversion formula helps in converting decibel-milliwatts (dBm) into decibel-watts (dBW). Both are logarithmic units used to express power levels, but dBm is referenced to one milliwatt while dBW is referenced to one watt. Since one watt equals 1000 milliwatts, … Read more
dBW to dBm Formula dBm = dBW + 30 Formula Explanation The dBW to dBm conversion calculator helps convert power levels from decibel-watts (dBW) to decibel-milliwatts (dBm). Both are logarithmic units used to express power ratios, but they reference different base values. The difference between them is 30 dB because 1 watt equals 1000 milliwatts. … Read more
Reflection Coefficient to VSWR Formula VSWR = (1 + |Γ|) / (1 – |Γ|) Formula Explanation The Reflection Coefficient to VSWR conversion calculator determines the Voltage Standing Wave Ratio (VSWR) from the reflection coefficient (Γ). The reflection coefficient represents how much of a signal is reflected due to impedance mismatch in a transmission line. This … Read more