What is the difference between 4G and 4G LTE?
Many people use the terms 4g and 4g interchangeably, but they are not the same. Lets find out the difference…. Features of 4g 4G is the next step above and…
What is HLR and VLR and its function in GSM
As From the Name VLR means Visitor Location Register and HLR means Home Location Register so HLR having all detail of subscriber and VLR having temporary details for mainly call…
Gigabit LTE
Gigabit LTE is an important springboard for mobile 5G data connectivity. It contains a number of building blocks for the new network. Gigabit LTE is an advanced form of LTE,…
LTE Frame Structure and Resource Block Architecture
LTE Frame Structure The figure below shows the LTE frame structure under Time division mode (TDD) Type 2 and Frequency Division mode (FDD) Type 1. Differences in LTE Frame Structure…
What is Polarization, Gain and Power rating in LTE Antenna
Antenna Gain in LTE Antenna Antenna gain is the ratio of the maximum radiation in a specified direction, a reference antenna in the same direction for the same power input….
Codeword, layer, and precoding in LTE
Terms codeword, layer, and precoding have been taken to refer specifically to LTE signals and processing. The figure shows the processing steps to which they relate. The terms used in…
What is the difference between LTE and VOLTE?
What is VOLTE:- Volte (voice over lte) refers to voice calls made through a 4G LTE network rather than traditional calls made using csfb (circuit-switched fall-back), a system that switches…
How Frame Structure in Wimax ?
Mobile WiMAX frame structure Unlike Fixed WiMAX, which uses OFDM frames, Mobile WiMAX uses OFDMA frames. OFDMA allows multiple users to receive data from the base station at the same…
How to LTE Radio Air Interface?
The state-of-the-art design of the LTE air interface is characterised by OFDMA (DL) and SC-FDMA (UL) together with MIMO. The downlink modulation is based on OFDMA (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple…
What is Cyclic prefix in LTE ?
The guard period after each rectangular pulse carrying the modulated data symbol is a simple and efficient method to deal with multi-path reception. The cyclic prefix (CP) simply consists of…
OFDM Receiver and How it work for LTE?
The receiver is like in any other radio system the more complicated part. In radio systems and of course also OFDM there are two special points a receiver has to…
OFDM implementation in Detail
A typical OFDM transmitter is shown on the following figure. To reduce the amount of RF hardware required for OFDM the modulation process is split into two parts. A first…