In the context of LTE (Long-Term Evolution) networks, which include the 4G technology, the interface between eNodeBs (Evolved NodeB) is known as the X2 interface. The X2 interface facilitates communication and coordination between adjacent eNodeBs, enabling them to exchange control and user plane information.
The primary functions of the X2 interface include supporting handovers between neighboring eNodeBs, enabling them to seamlessly transfer control of a user’s connection as the user moves across cell boundaries. This is crucial for maintaining continuous connectivity and ensuring a smooth transition between cells within the LTE network.
The X2 interface allows eNodeBs to exchange information about the neighboring cells, such as their status, capacity, and available resources. This information is essential for optimizing network performance, load balancing, and making informed decisions during handovers to enhance the overall user experience.
By facilitating direct communication between eNodeBs, the X2 interface contributes to the efficient management of radio resources, minimizes handover delays, and improves the overall reliability and performance of the LTE network.
It’s important to note that with the introduction of 5G technology, the architecture and interfaces have evolved. In 5G, the corresponding interface for interconnecting base stations is known as the Xn interface, providing similar functions as the X2 interface in LTE but adapted to the new capabilities and requirements of 5G networks.