Filter Bank Multi-Carrier (FBMC) is a modulation and multiple access technique that has been considered as a potential candidate for use in the physical layer of 5G wireless communication systems. Unlike the more traditional Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) modulation used in previous generations of wireless networks, FBMC offers some unique characteristics and advantages that address certain challenges and requirements in 5G.
One of the key features of FBMC is its ability to provide a high level of spectral efficiency while simultaneously offering low out-of-band emissions. This is achieved through the use of a filter bank, which processes the transmitted signals in a way that avoids the high sidelobes typically associated with OFDM. The reduced out-of-band emissions contribute to better coexistence with other frequency bands, enhancing the overall performance of the wireless communication system.
Another advantage of FBMC is its ability to mitigate inter-symbol interference (ISI) more effectively compared to OFDM. ISI is a common issue in communication systems where symbols from one symbol period interfere with symbols from adjacent periods. FBMC’s filtering properties help in minimizing ISI, making it suitable for scenarios with challenging channel conditions, such as those with high mobility or frequency-selective fading.
FBMC is also known for its flexibility in supporting diverse use cases within 5G networks. It can adapt to different channel characteristics and bandwidth requirements, making it suitable for a variety of deployment scenarios, including enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), massive machine type communication (mMTC), and ultra-reliable low latency communication (URLLC).
Despite its potential advantages, the adoption of FBMC in 5G has not been universal. The wireless industry often faces a trade-off between potential benefits and the compatibility with existing infrastructure and devices. Standardization bodies, like the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP), carefully evaluate and choose the most suitable technologies based on extensive research and testing to ensure widespread compatibility and interoperability within the 5G ecosystem.
In summary, FBMC in 5G represents a modulation and multiple access technique that offers advantages such as improved spectral efficiency, reduced out-of-band emissions, and effective mitigation of inter-symbol interference, making it a candidate for certain use cases within the evolving landscape of wireless communication systems.