A wireless controller operates by managing and coordinating multiple wireless access points (APs) within a network infrastructure. It functions as a centralized device that communicates with APs using protocols like Lightweight Access Point Protocol (LWAPP) or Control and Provisioning of Wireless Access Points (CAPWAP). The controller oversees AP configurations, monitors performance metrics such as signal … Read more
The tracert command, also known as traceroute in Unix-like operating systems, is a network diagnostic tool used to trace the route that packets take from the local host to a specified destination IP address or hostname. It works by sending a series of ICMP (Internet Control Message Protocol) Echo Request packets with increasing TTL (Time-to-Live) … Read more
The principle of SD-WAN revolves around leveraging software-defined networking (SDN) principles to enhance the operation and management of wide area networks (WANs). Unlike traditional WANs that rely on hardware-based routers and manual configuration, SD-WAN abstracts network control into centralized software controllers. These controllers manage and orchestrate network traffic, applying policies and making dynamic routing decisions … Read more
A network interface card (NIC) operates as a hardware component that enables a computer or device to connect to a network. It serves as the interface between the device’s internal bus (such as PCI or PCIe) and the network medium, whether wired (Ethernet) or wireless (Wi-Fi). The NIC facilitates communication by converting data from the … Read more
A Content Delivery Network (CDN) is a distributed network of servers strategically located across various geographic locations to deliver web content more efficiently to users. CDN works by caching static content, such as images, videos, scripts, and other files, on these servers. When a user requests content, the CDN delivers it from the nearest server … Read more
Network devices operate by performing specific functions within a network infrastructure to facilitate communication and data exchange between connected devices. These devices include routers, switches, firewalls, and access points, each serving distinct roles. Routers manage traffic between different networks, directing data packets based on destination addresses. Switches forward data within a local network based on … Read more
The SMB (Server Message Block) method is a network communication protocol used primarily by Microsoft Windows-based operating systems for sharing files, printers, and other resources between computers on a network. It enables computers to make requests for services from other computers or servers, such as file access or printer sharing. SMB operates over TCP/IP networks … Read more
NFS, or Network File System, is a distributed file system protocol that allows a user on a client computer to access files over a network as if those files were located on the local filesystem. It enables seamless sharing of files and resources between multiple computers in a network. NFS operates on the client-server model, … Read more
NFS, or Network File System, operates on a client-server architecture where one or more NFS servers provide shared access to files and directories over a network. The server makes designated directories available for mounting by NFS clients. When a client mounts an NFS share, it establishes a connection to the server and can then access … Read more
TACACS (Terminal Access Controller Access-Control System) is an authentication method used to provide centralized access control for network devices such as routers, switches, and firewalls. It separates the authentication, authorization, and accounting (AAA) processes, allowing for granular control over who can access which resources. TACACS originally evolved into TACACS+ to address limitations in the original … Read more