What is a hub?

A hub in networking is a basic networking device that connects multiple Ethernet devices together, allowing them to communicate with each other. It operates at the physical layer (Layer 1) of the OSI model, where it simply receives data packets from one device and broadcasts them to all other devices connected to the hub. Hubs … Read more

What is FTP and it is used?

FTP (File Transfer Protocol) is a standard network protocol used for transferring files between a client and a server on a computer network. It provides a straightforward method for uploading, downloading, and managing files stored on remote servers. FTP operates on a client-server model where a client initiates a connection to the server to perform … Read more

What is switch and its advantages?

A switch in computer networking is a device that operates at the data link layer (Layer 2) of the OSI model and is used to connect multiple devices within a local area network (LAN). Unlike hubs, switches intelligently forward data packets only to the specific devices that need to receive them, based on their MAC … Read more

What is www and HTTPS?

WWW (World Wide Web) refers to the collection of websites and web pages accessible over the internet using web browsers. It encompasses the entire network of interconnected hypertext documents and multimedia content that users can access through URLs (Uniform Resource Locators). HTTPS (HyperText Transfer Protocol Secure) is a protocol for secure communication over a computer … Read more

What is a switch and router?

A switch and a router are both essential networking devices, but they serve different roles within a network. A switch operates at Layer 2 (Data Link Layer) of the OSI model and primarily handles communication within a local area network (LAN). A router operates at Layer 3 (Network Layer) and is responsible for routing data … Read more

What is HTTPS What is it used for?

HTTPS (HyperText Transfer Protocol Secure) is a protocol used for secure communication over a computer network, most commonly the internet. It encrypts data transmitted between a web browser and a web server, ensuring that sensitive information such as login credentials, payment details, and personal data remains private and protected from eavesdropping and tampering. HTTPS is … Read more

What is the point of a router?

The primary purpose of a router is to forward data packets between computer networks. Routers operate at the network layer (Layer 3) of the OSI model and use IP addresses to determine the best path for data transmission across interconnected networks. They enable communication between devices in different LANs (local area networks) or WANs (wide … Read more

What is a router and modem?

A router and modem are distinct networking devices with different functions: A modem is a device that modulates and demodulates analog signals to transmit digital data over communication channels such as telephone lines, cable systems, or fiber optic cables. Its primary function is to establish and maintain a connection to an Internet Service Provider (ISP), … Read more

What is POP3 vs IMAP?

POP3 (Post Office Protocol version 3) and IMAP (Internet Message Access Protocol) are both protocols used for retrieving email from a mail server. POP3 downloads email messages to the local device and often removes them from the server, while IMAP synchronizes email messages across multiple devices, keeping them on the server. IMAP is generally considered … Read more

What is ftp and SMTP?

FTP (File Transfer Protocol) is a standard network protocol used for transferring files between a client and a server on a computer network. It provides a straightforward method for uploading and downloading files, making it commonly used for file sharing and website maintenance. SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol) is a protocol used for sending email … Read more