Radio Protocol Architecture in LTE The EUTRAN radio protocol model specifies the protocols terminated between UE and eNB. The protocol stack follows the standard guidelines for radio protocol architectures (ITU-R M1035) and is thus quite similar to the WCDMA protocol stack of UMTS. The protocol stack defines three layers: the physical layer (layer 1), data … Read more
Different Tasks and States of RRC Protocol in LTE-EUTRAN The RRC protocol for EUTRAN is responsible for the basic configuration of the radio protocol stack. But one should note, that some radio management functions (scheduling, physical resource assignment for physical channels) are handled by layer 1 and layer 2 autonomously. MAC and layer 1 signaling … Read more
Layer and channel relationship in LTE The radio interface is composed of different layers in order to set up, reconfigure and release the radio bearer services. The protocol layer is composed of physical layer (layer 1), data link layer (layer2), and the network layer (layer3). In the E-UTRAN layer 2 is divided into two sub-layers: … Read more
Synchronization & BCH for TDD Frame in LTE Synchronization: Purpose: Achieves alignment between the base station (eNodeB) and User Equipment (UE) in LTE Time-Division Duplex (TDD) frames. Methods: Time synchronization ensures proper timing, and frequency synchronization aligns the carrier frequency. Importance: Synchronization is critical for avoiding interference and optimizing signal reception. Broadcast Channel (BCH): Function: … Read more
Different Categories of UE in LTE Categories of UE in LTE is divided by its function which is as per below. Functionality: eNB obtains the UE radio capabilities via: • The S1AP initial setup request message • The X2AP in case of handover • The RRC in any other cases eNB sends the UE radio … Read more
Which Cell Parameters needs to Obtain in LTE? To provide the most critical information to the UEs, the eNodeB uses the BCH channel The information is sent on pre-defined time-frequency resources. This information is organized into different information blocks: The MIB, the Master Information Block. System Frame Number DL -downlink System Bandwidth Number of Transmit Antennas … Read more
Establishment and Maintenance of the RRC connection in LTE In Long-Term Evolution (LTE), the Radio Resource Control (RRC) connection plays a crucial role in establishing and maintaining the communication link between the User Equipment (UE) and the Evolved NodeB (eNB). The process involves several steps: RRC Connection Establishment: Random Access Procedure: The UE initiates communication … Read more
In LTE (Long-Term Evolution), handover measurements are crucial for ensuring seamless mobility as User Equipment (UE) moves across different cells within the network. These measurements assist in deciding when and to which cell a handover should occur. Here’s an overview of key handover measurements in LTE: Received Signal Strength (RSS): RSS measures the power level … Read more
RRC uses the following states: RRC_Idle: •The UE is not connected. There is no radio link. •The network knows that the UE is present on the network and is able to reach it in case of incoming call. •The UE switches in idle mode when it is connected and there is no traffic to save … Read more
After the power on, the UE knows: the UE category and capability. the preferred PLMN. the carriers. The UE needs to know: The frame synchronization to be able to decode the DL radio frame. The cell parameters to be able request a connection. The UE can use: The PSS: Primary Synchronization Signal. The SSS: Secondary … Read more