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Radio Protocol Architecture in LTE

Radio Protocol Architecture in LTE The EUTRAN radio protocol model specifies the protocols terminated between UE and eNB. The protocol stack follows the standard guidelines for radio protocol architectures (ITU-R M1035) and is thus quite similar to the WCDMA protocol stack of UMTS. The protocol stack defines three layers: the physical layer (layer 1), data … Read more

Physical Channel Types of LTE

Physical Channel Types of LTE The physical layer uses resource blocks to transmit binary coded information in QPKS, 16QAM or 64QAM or OOK modulation form. Physical channels determine how data is processed and then mapped via dynamical scheduling onto resource blocks. Thus physical channels also in EUTRAN represent the available physical resources. Like transport channels, … Read more

Functions and Architecture of PDCP in LTE

PDCP layer performs the following functions: 1. Header compression and decompression plane of the user data; 2. Security features: encryption and deciphering the user plane and control plane data; the protection of the integrity and operation of the plane data; 3. Provide support functions: order to delivery and reorder PDU to the layer above a … Read more

Frequency or RAT Evaluation for LTE UE

E-UTRAN configures a priority for all applicable frequencies for each RAT. In addition to the priorities of specific cells that are optionally provided by SI, E-UTRAN can assign specific EU priorities through dedicated signaling. Since frequencies are indicated in the information system, the EU is expected to take into account only the cell reselection which … Read more

Resource Block & Physical Resource Block in LTE

Resource Block & Physical Resource Block in LTE What is Resource block in lte? :- A resource block is the smallest unit of resources which allocated to a user. The resource block is 1 slot long in time and 180 kHz wide in frequency. Resource Block Multiplex multiple users both in time and frequency, together … Read more

LTE : Data Transmission in DL

LTE : Data Transmission in DL In Long-Term Evolution (LTE), data transmission in the Downlink (DL) involves the transfer of user data from the Evolved NodeB (eNB) to the User Equipment (UE). The LTE DL is designed to provide high data rates, low latency, and efficient spectrum utilization. Here’s an overview of the key aspects … Read more

Resource Element Group in LTE

Resource Element Group in LTE In Long-Term Evolution (LTE), Resource Element Group (REG) is a fundamental concept related to physical layer resources. It is essentially a grouping of Resource Elements (REs), which are the smallest units of the time-frequency grid in LTE. The REG is used to allocate resources for transmission and reception. Now, let’s … Read more

Affects of the Channel in LTE MIMO

Affects of the Channel in LTE MIMO To understand the impact of the channel, let’s assume that the base station receiver is facing many challenges in the same MIMO receiver that universal areas, but also must receive data simultaneously from multiple users. In terms of MIMO UM, each signal is derived from a separate UE, … Read more

How Downlink Control Information or DCI in LTE?

How Downlink Control Information or DCI in LTE? DCI serves as a means of communication from the network infrastructure (eNodeB) to the user equipment (UE), providing essential instructions and information for efficient downlink data transmission. This information includes details about resource allocation, modulation schemes, transmission power control, and more, enabling UEs to accurately decode and … Read more

LTE Frame Structure and Resource Block Architecture

LTE Frame Structure The figure below shows the LTE frame structure under Time division mode (TDD) Type 2 and Frequency Division mode (FDD) Type 1. Differences in LTE Frame Structure Main differences in LTE Frame Structure between the two modes are Frame 0 and frame 5 (always downlink in TDD) Frame 1 and frame 6 … Read more