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What is SC-FDMA and how it works in LTE?

What is SC-FDMA and how it works in LTE? One of the major drawbacks of an OFDMA system is, that the transformation of a complex symbol mapped sequence (e.g. BPSK, QPSK, etc.) onto a small set of subcarriers produces time sequences that have high PAPR (Peak-to-Average Power Ratio). PAPR is the ratio between the maximum … Read more

Radio Protocol Architecture in LTE

Radio Protocol Architecture in LTE The EUTRAN radio protocol model specifies the protocols terminated between UE and eNB. The protocol stack follows the standard guidelines for radio protocol architectures (ITU-R M1035) and is thus quite similar to the WCDMA protocol stack of UMTS. The protocol stack defines three layers: the physical layer (layer 1), data … Read more

How Transport Channel Processing in LTE?

How Transport Channel Processing in LTE? Transport channels are block oriented transmission services and transmit one or more transport blocks per transmission time interval (TTI). The TTI is 1 ms (e.g. one sub-frame). Transport blocks may in general have variable size. Typically the number of transport blocks that can be transmitted in a TTI depends … Read more

Initial LTE Network Design Options

While the goals and design targets specified above may be aggressive, options have been approved for consideration in the design that when used properly, will lead to a more efficient network compared to the existing 3G network. Therefore, in the quest to produce the best network possible in a cost-effective manner while meeting the goal … Read more

Functions and Architecture of PDCP in LTE

PDCP layer performs the following functions: 1. Header compression and decompression plane of the user data; 2. Security features: encryption and deciphering the user plane and control plane data; the protection of the integrity and operation of the plane data; 3. Provide support functions: order to delivery and reorder PDU to the layer above a … Read more

Resource Block & Physical Resource Block in LTE

Resource Block & Physical Resource Block in LTE What is Resource block in lte? :- A resource block is the smallest unit of resources which allocated to a user. The resource block is 1 slot long in time and 180 kHz wide in frequency. Resource Block Multiplex multiple users both in time and frequency, together … Read more

LTE KPI Measurement Methodology and Acceptance Procedure

Here I write in simple word on LTE KPI Measurement Methodology and its Acceptance Procedure. As it’s for only at network start up stage and now a day worldwide so many operator starts to launch LTE and so this is the way for them to check of KPI in LTE LTE KPI Measurement Methodology The … Read more

OFDMA Principles in LTE

OFDMA Principles in LTE Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access (OFDMA) is a key technology used in Long-Term Evolution (LTE) to efficiently manage the transmission of data over the radio interface. Here’s an explanation of OFDMA principles in LTE: Frequency Division Multiplexing (FDM): OFDMA uses FDM to divide the available frequency spectrum into multiple subcarriers. Each … Read more

Salient Future for Mobile WiMAX

Salient Future for Mobile WiMAX WiMAX is a wireless broadband solution that offers a rich set of features with a lot of flexibility in terms of deployment options and potential service offerings. Some of the more salient features that deserve highlighting are as follows: OFDM-based physical layer: The WiMAX physical layer (PHY) is based on … Read more

Which OFDM Parameters Used in WiMAX

Which OFDM Parameters Used in WiMAX The  fixed and mobile versions of WiMAX have slightly different implementations of the OFDM physical layer. Fixed WiMAX, which is based on IEEE 802.16-2004, uses a 256 FFT-based OFDM physical layer. Mobile WiMAX, which is based on the IEEE 802.16e-20055 standard, uses a scalable OFDMA-based physical layer. In the … Read more