The Logical Channel is used in time multiplex in a physical channel, which is categorized according to the types of messages transmitted in the physical channel. Different logical channels are used in transmission of different types of information between BS and MS, such as the signaling or traffic data. In GSM system, five different types … Read more
Dsss – Direct sequence spread spectrum DSSS – Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum is a spread spectrum technology in which original data is expand using PN code randomly to reduce noise and this also provide high security to data as is scrambled data. Spread spectrum technology spread spectrum technology used in CDMA and Cdma is a … Read more
The LTE/EPC architecture is driven by the goal to optimize the system for packet data transfer. Remember that There are no circuit switched components in LTE/EPC. There is a new approach in the inter-connection between radio access network and core network. The EPS architecture is made up of an EPC (Packet Core Network, also referred … Read more
Higher data rates: Obviously this is a general requirement requested from any new system. Quality of service, Lower delay: To enable true convergence between real-time and non-real-time services quality of service awareness is of absolute importance. This must already be paid attention to during the design of the physical layer. So LTE/EPC will be QoS … Read more
Fully packet-oriented mobile broadband network providing: – Peak data rates of 100 Mbps (DL) and 50 Mbps (UL) – Very low latency – Seamless and lossless handover – Sophisticated QoS to support important real time applications such as voice, video and interactive gaming – Support for terminal speeds of 150-500 Km/h and cell ranges of … Read more
The 850MHz CDMA band is most popularly used all over the world.This band as mentioned in the previous slide works between 824-849MHz Used for the Reverse link communication 869-894MHz Used for the Forward link communication The CDMA band is divided into sub bands as shown above.The Total Band of 25MHz is divided into … Read more
EPC ( Evolved Universal Terrestrial Radio Access Network) Functionally the EPC is equivalent to the packet switched domain of the existing 3GPP networks. EPC consist of:–MME (Mobility Management Entity)–SAE GW represents the combination of the two gateways , Serving Gateway(S-GW) and Packet Data Network Gateway (P-GW)–Home Subscriber Server (HSS)–Policy and Charging Rules Function (PCRF) Mobility … Read more
A parallel 3GPP R8 project to LTE and SAE is the Evolved High Speed Packet Access, eHSPA, project (also referred to as HSPA+). The proposed eHSPA features represent a logical evolution from today’s HSDPA and HSUPA systems. Roughly speaking, the eHSPA project focuses on three areas: • Optimising HSPA for real-time packet data services, like … Read more
A (rather long) list of general requirements has been set up as guidelines for the standardization work related to the EPC. Some of those are: • 3GPP and non-3GPP access systems shall be supported. • Scalable system architecture and solutions without compromising the system capacity (e.g. by separating CP from UP). • CP response time … Read more
Figure shows the network architecture of the Evolved Packet Core (EPC). The EPC consists of three main nodes: the Mobility Management Entity (MME), the Serving Gateway (SGW) and the Packet Data Network Gateway (PGW). The MME may be co-located with the SGW, and the SGW may be co-located with the PGW. Hence, the standard allows … Read more