Network Color Code NCC for GSM
NCC is a part of BSIC. MS uses it to distinguish adjacent BTS that belong to different GSM PLMN. NCC is composed of 3 bits, with the range of 0…
State of RRC in LTE
RRC uses the following states: RRC_Idle: •The UE is not connected. There is no radio link. •The network knows that the UE is present on the network and is able…
Dedicated Control Channel (DCCH) in GSM
SDCCH (Stand-alone Dedicated Control Channel) Uplink and Downlink. Used for call setup, authentication, ciphering location update and SMS. SACCH (Slow Associated Control Channel) Downlink and Uplink. Used to transfer signal…
How Forward Link Channel Format in CDMA
The Base Station transmitter signal is, however, the composite of many channels (with a minimum of four). The Pilot channel is unmodulated (Walsh code 0); it consists of only the…
BCH ,CBCH and CCCH works in GSM
Broadcast Channels (BCH) Frequency correction channel (FCCH) the “lighthouse” of a BTS Synchronization channel (SCH) PLMN/base identifier of a BTS plus synchronization information (frame number) Broadcast control channel (BCCH) to…
Reverse Link Traffic Channel Physical Layer in CDMA
The CDMA reverse link uses a different coding scheme to transmit data. Unlike the forward link, the reverse link cannot support a pilot channel for synchronous demodulation (since each mobile…
Codeword, layer, and precoding in LTE
Terms codeword, layer, and precoding have been taken to refer specifically to LTE signals and processing. The figure shows the processing steps to which they relate. The terms used in…
Forward Traffic Channel of CDMA
Forward Traffic Channel is used to Transmit Data and Signaling Information. Symbol repetition makes symbol streams at different rates adapted to those at the rate of 19.2k. The original symbol…
Downlink Power control in LTE
The eNodeB determines the downlink transmit energy per resource element (lte epre). Downlink cell-specific reference-signal (RS) lte epre is constant across the downlink system bandwidth and constant across all subframes until…
LTE MIMO Types of Inputs and Outputs
LTE MIMO “input” and “output” are used for medium between transmitters and receivers, including both RF components – known as the “channel”. Thus, the base station with two transmitters provides…
BCH,CCCH and DCCH Channel of GSM
BCH (Broadcast Channels) BCCH(Broadcast Control Channels) Downlink Only. Broadcast information of the serving cell (System Information). Transmitted on timeslot zero of BCCH carrier. Read only by idle mobile at least…
What is Polarization, Gain and Power rating in LTE Antenna
Antenna Gain Antenna gain is the ratio of the maximum radiation in a specified direction, a reference antenna in the same direction for the same power input. Usually, this increase…